Reflexion: Language Agents with Verbal Reinforcement Learning

Noah Shinn , Federico Cassano , Ashwin Gopinath , Karthik Narasimhan , Shunyu Yao

🏛 Institutions: Northeastern University , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Princeton University
📅 Date: March 20, 2023
📑 Publisher: NeurIPS 2023
💻 Env
🔑 Keywords: framework learning verbal reinforcement learning reflexion

TLDR

Introduces Reflexion, a framework where language agents learn from feedback by writing verbal reflections into episodic memory instead of updating model weights. The method is broad rather than GUI-specific, but it matters here because many later web and computer-use agents inherit its reflection-and-memory pattern.

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